Normal cells that are mutated to become cancerous cells. Unchecked cell growth interferes with normal cells. The cancer cells may spread to your lymph nodes or bloodstream, and then move on. Smoking tobacco can increase your risk of lung cancer. Smoking tobacco, whether it’s cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, is one of the most significant risk factors for lung cancer. According to experts, 80% of lung-cancer deaths are caused by smoking.
When you vape, including substances that 同步放化療 cause cancer, many of these can be inhaled. It is still too early to determine the long-term health effects of vaping, but some experts think it could cause lung damage.
Smoking is a major risk factor, but up to 20 percent of lung cancer patients have never smoked. It’s vital to discuss any symptoms that are concerning with your doctor. The diagnosis of lung cancer is a complex process. The first time you visit a doctor, they will listen to your symptoms and ask about your medical history. They may also perform a physical examination (such as listening to the heart and lungs). As lung cancer symptoms can be similar to those of other more common diseases, your provider will likely start with blood tests and chest X-rays.
Your provider may suggest that you have lung cancer. The next step in diagnosing this condition is usually to perform more imaging tests like a CT scanner and then a biopsy. PET/CT scanning can be used to determine if the cancer has spread. A biopsy of cancerous cells may also help to decide on treatment.
CT scans can detect lung tumors earlier than X-rays. The tumors may be too small for an X-ray to detect or they can be hidden by the ribs. The X-ray cannot diagnose lung cancer. It can show the provider whether there is something that should be investigated further.
Your provider may use a variety of techniques to examine your chest more closely. Your provider may take tissue samples or fluids (biopsy) during the procedure. These can then be examined under a magnifying glass to determine if there are cancerous cells present and what type of cancer is being treated. The samples can be examined for mutations (genetic changes) which could affect the treatment.
The treatments for lung cancer aim to eliminate cancer or reduce its spread. The treatments can be used to remove or destroy cancerous cells or to prevent their growth. They may also teach the immune system how to combat them. Some treatments are used to relieve symptoms and reduce pain. The type of lung cancer, its location, the extent to which it has spread, and other factors will determine your treatment.
Surgery is an option for NSCLCs that haven’t yet spread or SCLCs that are limited to one tumor. The surgeon may remove the cancerous tumor as well as a tiny amount of surrounding healthy tissue to ensure that no cancerous cells are left behind.